Memoria historiografiada y memoria materializada: problemas en la percepción del pasado andino preeuropeo
Abstract
Se presentan formas de memoria y se indaga sobre su relación con la historia, con el fin de aplicar estos conceptos a la forma de visiones del pasado de los incas. De este modo, se formulan niveles que ordenan el pasado en ciclos que vinculan el mundo de los dioses con los incas "históricos". La memoria es de importancia fundamental para consolidar el papel del gobernante y para preparar su futuro destino de ancestro. La ancestralización, por ende, es de relevancia fundamental para la legitimación del poder y de su perpetuación. En dos casos, Pisac y Sipán, se presentan formas de ancestralización del paisaje y de la corporalidad que demuestran facetas diferentes, cambios en la conceptualización y su relación con la élite. En este sentido, la memoria se forma con las élites y comparte su ocaso, pero retiene o reutiliza memorias previas
Palabras clave : conceptos de memoria; conciencia histórica; historiografía andina; ancestralidad; Pisac; Sipán.
Abstract
This paper enquires how different types of memory relate to history, and applies resulting concepts to reach a greater understanding of the way the Incas might have envisioned their past. A series of levels are formulated in this manner, ordering the past into cycles that link the world of the gods with the "historical" Incas. Memory is fundamental to the reinforcement of the ruler and his future role as ancestor. Hence, `ancestralization' is basic to the legitimation and perpetuation of power. The cases of Pisac and Sipan reveal forms of ancestralizing the landscape and corporality that are differently faceted, with conceptual differences and their links to the elite. Memory comes into being with elites and shares their downfall, but it always retains or reuses parts of previous memories
Palabras clave : concepts of memory; historical consciousness; Andean historiography; ancestrality; Pisac; Sipan.
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