Alimentos, tecnologías vegetales y paleoambiente en las aldeas formativas de la Pampa del Tamarugal, Tarapacá (ca. 900 AC-800 DC)
Keywords:
aldeas, Prosopis, alimentos, tecnologías vegetales, período Formativo, Tarapacá, villages, food, plant technologies, Formative period.Abstract
Este trabajo pretende introducir a los usos e imaginarios relacionados con las plantas en las aldeas formativas de la Pampa del Tamarugal, Tarapacá (Chile). Se estudiaron los restos vegetales recuperados de las excavaciones de los sitios Pircas y Caserones, en la quebrada de Tarapacá, así como de Guatacondo 1 y Ramaditas, en la de Guatacondo. Estas aldeas poseen contextos domésticos, ceremoniales, mortuorios y de almacenaje, asociados a alimentos silvestres y cultivados, así como un amplio universo artefactual, principalmente en madera, que incluye materias primas, instrumentos y desechos de talla. Se concluye que, si bien las cuatro aldeas comparten aspectos significativos como su orientación agrícola y forestal, las ocupaciones de ambas cuencas expresan situaciones disímiles que permiten cuestionar la noción evolucionista que se ha tenido del período Formativo como una sucesión unilineal de etapas de progreso.
The aim of this work is to introduce to the uses and imaginaries related to the plants in the formative villages of Pampa del Tamarugal, Tarapacá region (Chile). To accomplish this, we studied the plant remains recovered from excavations in the sites of Pircas and Caserones in the ravine of Tarapacá, as well as Guatacondo 1 and Ramaditas in the Guatacondo ravine. These villages have domestic, ceremonial, mortuary and storage contexts, from which were recovered wild and cultivated food and a wide artefactual universe, mainly in wood, including raw materials, artifacts and wastes. We conclude that while the four villages share significant aspects like their agriculture and forestry orientation, their occupations are dissimilar, which permits us to question the
evolutionary notion that understands the Formative period as a unilinear succession of stages of progress.
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