Los mineros como actores sociales y políticos en Bolivia, Chile y Perú durante el siglo XX
Abstract
Durante gran parte del siglo XX, los mineros fueron actores centrales en la economía, la sociedad y la política de Bolivia, Chile y Perú. Una vez constituidos los sindicatos a partir de una mano de obra migrante, con raíces étnicas profundas, el conflicto laboral asumió características estrechamente asociadas al aislamiento geográfico de las minas, al carácter estratégico de la minería en las economías de los tres países. Asimismo, el impacto de su comportamiento político fue determinante en algunas coyunturas de su historia. A base de esos elementos, el trabajo busca dar significado a las luchas de los mineros en el siglo XX.
Palabras clave : minería; Bolivia; Chile; Perú; clase obrera; formación en las minas; mineros; conflicto laboral; etnicidad; comportamiento.
Abstract
In the XX century, miners were central actors in the economy, society and political systems of Bolivia, Chile and Peru. Once unions were created on the basis of migrant labor, with profound ethnic roots, labor conflict took forms closely related to the geographical isolation of the mines and to the strategic character of mining activity in the economies of all three countries. Also, the impact of their political behavior was a determining factor in several periods of their history. On the basis of these elements, this paper tries to give meaning to the struggles that miners undertook during the XX century.
Palabras clave : mining; Bolivia; Chile; Peru; working class; creation in mines; miners; labor conflict; ethnicity; electoral behavior.
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