Aldeas en los bosques de Prosopis. Arquitectura residencial y congregacional en el período Formativo tarapaqueño (900 ac-900 dc)
Keywords:
arquitectura residencial, arquitectura pública, período Formativo, Tarapacá, Andes Centro-Sur, residential architecture, public architecture, Formative period, South Central Andes.Abstract
Este ensayo aborda la relación entre arquitectura residencial y espacios de congregación en un conjunto de aldeas y sentamientos formativos ubicados en las quebradas de Tarapacá y Guatacondo, norte de Chile. Se analizan sus cualidades formales y su rol como inscripciones territoriales y contenedores sociales; su materialidad y organización interna; las prácticas sociales desarrolladas y el rol de estos espacios públicos en la experiencia cotidiana y el orden social. Se enfatiza la variabilidad, tanto formal como respecto de las acciones y usos desarrollados, de los espacios edificados amplios y de usos compartidos y, consecuentemente las diferencias de los actos congregacionales y públicos. Proponemos un análisis que amplía el uso de la arquitectura como indicador histórico cultural, integrando referentes de campos disciplinarios afines.
This paper concerns the relationship between residential architecture and gathering spaces in a group of Formative villages and settlements located in the Tarapacá and Guatacondo valleys of Northern Chile. The attributes analyzed include the sites’ formal characteristics and their role as territorial inscriptions and social containers, their materials and internal organization, and the associated social practices and the role of these public spaces in everyday experience and social order. We emphasize the variability, both in formal terms and with respect to the associated actions and usage of these open, constructed spaces and their shared use, and consequently, the differences in the congregational and public actions. We propose a frame of analysis that broadens the use of architecture as a historic-cultural indicator, integrating models from related fields.
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